Time series · building-permits

Building permits by county

New housing units authorized by building permits in every US county each year since 1990, from the Census Bureau's Building Permits Survey: units by building size (single-family to 5+ units), buildings and construction value, with state and national totals.

Updates
Yearly
Coverage
—
Current version
—
Last published
—
Validation
—
License
US Government work
Commercial use
Allowed

Chart

Building permits by county

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Source: US Census Bureau.
Show the data as a table

The table appears once the data has loaded.

Use the API

Each series and location is its own small file. The examples follow the series and location picked above. See the docs for versions, caching and errors.

curl

# One series for one place (.json or .csv)
curl -s "https://api.housingdata.dev/v1/building-permits/permits/usa.json"

# Every series and place in one file
curl -sO "https://api.housingdata.dev/v1/building-permits/download/building-permits.csv"

Python (polars)

import polars as pl

# One series for one place
df = pl.read_csv("https://api.housingdata.dev/v1/building-permits/permits/usa.csv")

# Every series and place, with series and location columns
everything = pl.read_parquet("https://api.housingdata.dev/v1/building-permits/download/building-permits.parquet")

JavaScript

const res = await fetch("https://api.housingdata.dev/v1/building-permits/permits/usa.json");
if (!res.ok) throw new Error((await res.json()).detail); // errors are problem+json
const { meta, data } = await res.json();
console.log(meta.location_name, data.at(-1)); // { date, value, ... }

Downloads

The whole dataset in one file, with series and location columns. Parquet keeps the column types and is much smaller.

Schema and series

Each series file has these columns. The bulk downloads add series and location columns in front.

Column Type Unit Can be empty Description
date year (YYYY) — no —
units integer units no Housing units authorized
units_1 integer units no Units in single-unit buildings
units_2 integer units no Units in 2-unit buildings
units_3_4 integer units no Units in 3- and 4-unit buildings
units_5_plus integer units no Units in buildings with 5 or more units
buildings integer buildings no Residential buildings authorized
value integer USD no Construction cost on the permits, nominal dollars

Series

Series id Name
permits Housing units authorized by building permits

Locations

Covers all 3,222 US counties and equivalents (ids: us-county- plus the 5-digit FIPS code); all 57 US states and equivalents (ids: us- plus the USPS code (us-ca, us-dc)); 19 more named places.

Location id Name
usa United States
us-county-02201 Prince of Wales-Outer Ketchikan Census Area, AK (through 2012 in BPS)
us-county-02231 Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon Census Area, AK (through 1996)
us-county-02232 Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, AK (through 2012 in BPS)
us-county-02261 Valdez-Cordova Census Area, AK (through 2022 in BPS)
us-county-02270 Wade Hampton Census Area, AK (through 2015)
us-county-02280 Wrangell-Petersburg Census Area, AK (through 2012 in BPS)
us-county-09001 Fairfield County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-09003 Hartford County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-09005 Litchfield County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-09007 Middlesex County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-09009 New Haven County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-09011 New London County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-09013 Tolland County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-09015 Windham County, CT (former county, through 2022)
us-county-12025 Dade County, FL (through 1998; now Miami-Dade, 12086)
us-county-51515 Bedford city, VA (through 2012; now part of Bedford County)
us-county-51560 Clifton Forge city, VA (through 2001; now part of Alleghany County)
us-county-51780 South Boston city, VA (through 1994; now part of Halifax County)

Place names come from the shared location registry; see Sources.

Source and license

Source
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, annual county files
Publisher
US Census Bureau
License
US Government work (public domain in the United States) (LicenseRef-US-Government-Work)
Commercial use
Allowed

Credit the source with this exact text:

U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, annual county files (https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/).

Checked every 7 days. If the source hasn't changed in 15 months, the status page flags it as stale.

Endpoints

Every URL for this dataset. To pin the current version, put it after the id: /v1/building-permits@<version>. The API reference describes each response.

What URL
Metadata: version, coverage, downloads, validation /v1/building-permits
Versions and monthly snapshots /v1/building-permits/versions
Series and locations /v1/building-permits/locations
Housing units authorized by building permits (JSON) /v1/building-permits/permits/{location}.json
Housing units authorized by building permits (CSV) /v1/building-permits/permits/{location}.csv
Whole dataset (CSV) /v1/building-permits/download/building-permits.csv
Whole dataset (Parquet) /v1/building-permits/download/building-permits.parquet